Amber,
There is no way to do this easily within D365FO (running a report to see which roles have access to a certain object). You can potentially get there running a report via the AOT like I do in this blog post:
https://alexdmeyer.com/2017/04/13/security-reporting-for-dynamics-365-for-operations-in-the-aot/However, I executed a query in the Fastpath security access tool and was able to generate a list of roles that have explicit access to that table field:

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Alex Meyer
Director of Microsoft Software Development
Fastpath
Des Moines, IA
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Original Message:
Sent: Aug 10, 2022 10:38 AM
From: Amber Aaron
Subject: Assistance with this error access denied to field account number (bank account number) in table sysdocubranddetailsregular
Thank you so much for your documentation. I do have a question, how do I find the table through security configuration? I don't know the role that applies to the table to look at the "view permission".
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Amber Aaron
Summit Racing Equipment
Tallmadge
Original Message:
Sent: Aug 06, 2022 08:08 AM
From: Alex Meyer
Subject: Assistance with this error access denied to field account number (bank account number) in table sysdocubranddetailsregular
Amber,
This is more than likely caused by the table permission framework functionality being applied to this field (AosAuthorization set to true). Because of this, a user must have explicit access to this table field and cannot get derived access from access to the menu item or table. I go into how this feature works in the blog post here: https://alexdmeyer.com/2019/01/24/table-permission-framework-in-d365fo/

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Alex Meyer
Director of Microsoft Software Development
Fastpath
Des Moines, IA
Original Message:
Sent: Aug 05, 2022 04:37 PM
From: Amber Aaron
Subject: Assistance with this error access denied to field account number (bank account number) in table sysdocubranddetailsregular
Has anyone expierence this error :access denied to field account number (bank account number) in table sysdocubranddetailsregular
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Amber Aaron
Summit Racing Equipment
Tallmadge
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